Fluid operated tool



Aug.. ZB, 1934n A. G. SLATCHER FLUID OPERATED TOOL Filed Deol 5, 1951 2SheetS-.Shee l ATTORNEY Arm@ 2H, 1934., A. G. SLATCHER 131,9?3375 FLUIDOPERATED TOOL ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 2.1, 1934 FLUID orteil-renacer.

Alfred G;l Slatcher2 ClevelandQOhio, 'assignor'to The Cleveland RockDrill Company, Cleveland,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio ApplicationDecember 5, 1931, Serial No.579,216

i s claims, (ci. 4iai- 11) This invention relates broadly to iiuidoperated tools of` the percussive type and more specically toimprovement therein which embody mecha-v nism for eliecting the rotationof the cutting One object of this invention is to provide mechanismwithin a iiuid actuated tool which Will .facilitate the positiverotative drive'of the cutting tool'or the frictional engagementthereof.`

19 Another object of this invention is to provide adiuidoperatedtool4with africtional driving mechanism which can be readily manipulated bythel operatorV when the rotative movement Vof theVr cutting tool becomesrestrained Whileldrill-fr gllspeotive of the ratchet ring, y Fig. 3 is atransversal sectional view vtakerr upona plan indicated by line 3- -3 inFig. 1 illustrating the locking member in engaged relation With theratchet mechanism.

,so Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating "the locking memberin disengaged relation with the ratchet mechanism.

i Fig. 5 isan enlarged Vdetail illustration'in perspective of thelocking member. Theiluid'actuated tool herein chosen for the Vpurpose.of illustrating the invention embodies a stope drill of the hammer typewhich comprises a cylinder 1.0 Within Which is reciprocably mounted apiston 11 having an extended stem portion 49' is formed to' accommodatelthe. support of a handle 13 which is mounted thereon with a taperedsocket .lrbeing heldin place bye Screw 4g threaded nut ,15. Adjacentofthe handle 13 there "is a vertically disposed Casing 16 in which ismounteda cam l? having a rotatable control knob or' grip lig; rEhe cam17 is machined Vin such a manner as to provide `a straight portion orstop -1-' l, the purpose of which will be explained later. ltfiimin[thecylinder 10 there is a valve 19 whichl is organized to effect thedistribution of the compressed fluid. The valve is mounted forreciprocative movement within a valve block `20V 55 the atterrare iiedsnugly Within the Cylinder 12, operatively associated with a drill steelor cut,.- ""ting tool in the usual manner.Y The cylinder body- 10. Themovement Yof the valve 19 and the cone sequential reoiprocative movementof the piston 11 are effected `ina manner common to tools of this typeand ksince the operation of this portion of the meohanismfforms per seno part of the present inventionfno further description of theseelements need be given here further than to direct attentionvfto'anorifice or exhaust port 21 in the cylinder l.Which .is arranged inrelation to the mean and extreme position of the piston strokes toaflordcommunication between the cyl. inder and atmosphere during theoperationof the piston.

l:Adjacent thevalve block 20 and' interposed be-` tween bearing plate'22 and the head block 23 there is a ratchet mechanism 24 comprising atoothedring. 25 provided with a plurality of ex.- ternalrecesses` 26,and a pluralityk of pawls 2,7. The pawlsare adaptedA to engage theteethof the i. ratchet andtheiring isrestrained'from rotation by a handoperated locking mechanism compris.- inga pawl 28,forme'd withtwo-,trunnions 29 andA rotatably supported with the cylinder body 10 andprovided with a Wing 31 capable of engagement with the recesses 2.6` andoperable by a sec. ond .wing orblade 32 extending-Within the handle 13;.The handle 13 is'provided with a bore 3 3 within which vthere islocated a plunger 34 subjected tor-the eiort voi" a compression spring35 for constant. engagement with the blade 32 tending to move .thepawl28in aclockwise direction and consequently maintaining the Wing 31 inengagement with the recess 26. Slidably mounted Within :ther handle;bore 33 there is a push rod 36 having` its leftward end in constantengagement with the other side ofthe blade 32 and its rightwardendengageable with the @am 17 rotatably disposed within the end of thehandle 13- A riiied stem 3-7 is coordinated with the ratchet ring 25 andis n iaintained Within the head of the pis.- ton 11j in aboreofcomplemental conguration. The ratchet and its appurtenanceseffectuate the rotative movement of the piston and in` turn the cuttingtool or drill during the reciprocation znovement of the piston.

' The head block 23 .is ,formedto support a water tube 38 and .a packinggland 39 whichA is provided to convey water lor, air tothe cutting'toolin accordanc'e with thepractice common in a mechaofvthis'type. Athrottle valve 40 is providedto control the supply' of compressed iiuidadmitted to the machine.

In the practice of this invention, compressed lluidisadmitted throughthe port41 Where it flows thrughttheratchet nriechanisml 24 to the valve19 by way of ports 42. The reciprocative movement of the piston 11 iseiected by the intermittent flow of fluid into the cylinder 10, ascontrolled by the valve 19 by way of recess 43 and ports 44. Bymaintaining the cam-17 in the position illustrated in Fig. 4 the rod 36bears against the blade 32 and acts againstthe tension of thecompression spring 35 to maintain thewing 31 out of engagement with therecess 26 thus permitting the ring 25 to rotate relative to its casing."Since the ring 25 is fitted snugly Within its seat it g may remain in astationary position" until nthelf tool engages a material which willoffer sufcient resistance to overcome the frictional engagement;

of the ratchet ring within itsbearing seat.

The wing 31 may be moved into engagement with the ratchet ring or therecess 26 by turning member through said passage for actuating saidmember.

e 2. A stop drill comprising a casing adapted to receive a tool, arotation mechanism within said casing for producing a relative rotationbetween said casing and said tool, a handle adapted to be manually heldfor restraining said casing against rotation, means within saidcasingand handle form rendering said rotation mechanism inoperative, agrip rotatably mounted on said handle, arcam associated with said gripand said means for actuating the latter when said handle revolves abouttheaxis of the drill and said grip is held against rotation about itsown axis, and further means for returning said first mentioned means inits former position.

3. A rock drill comprising a casing adapted to the cam 17 or itsintegral'knob 185 in a'counterreceive a tool, a cylinder having a pistonreciproclockwise direction, thus allowing the rod 36 to*vv be movedtoward'the right by the effort of the compressed spring plungerv 34.acting upon the I blade 32 causing a consequential rotationof the. pawlV28 in a clockwise directiony andv permitting the Wingv 31 to drop intoone of. the recessesv 26 thus securing the ring to its casingandaiecting thek ratchet function (seeV Fig-. 3);' The vrotation of thecam in the counterclockwise-directionis limited by the engagementof the.straight -portion or stop 17' Vwith the side-ofv the push rod 36,preventing thereby the cam to .be rotated pastthe normal position withrespect to the rod 36;-

l The paWl 28 is positioned in respectto the ratchet ring 25 in such amanner as to transform the torque applied to 'the 'ratchet ring intoaaradial force applied uponrthevtrunnions k29-andV 30 thus overcoming apossible disengagement of the wing 31y with the ratchet ring andprecludingl any stress to be applied upon. the spring.` 35 during theengagement of the winglwithinfthe recess 26. The cam 17 Vis preferablyarranged in respect to the direction of 'theirotation `of the tool inthe-manner shown in'thedr'awings: so that: the'knob 18 may beturnedin-1the direction-ofi the rotationof the tool tov` establish theleftward movement of' the rod36' againstthe spring '35 anddisengage thewing-.31 .from the ratchet ring.- In this manner, the Aoperator mayhold. the-knob 1-8stationary and when thehandle 13- tends. to move vawayfrom the operator due to a seizurelof the tool in the hole beingdrilled, the knob 18.- Will be automatically turned to thepositi'onshown in Fig.'4 to release the rotation mechanism. :11; Although theforegoing description isf neces--v sarily of a detailed character, iniorder to com-l pletely'set forth the invention, it visto befunder-`stood that the Yspeciiicterminology is not intended to be restrictive orconflningand'it isrto be further understood that various rearrangementsof parts and modification of-structuraldetail may be resorted YtoWithout depaiti'ngffromV the scope or `spirit *ofv theinventiona'sherein claimed. Y l "l i" I claim: l v, Y n

1. In a rock drill, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, arotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanismcoinprising a ratchet ringlrotatable within said vcylinder, a riflestemand pawls operativelyjcon'- necting said ring and stem, a handlesupported by said cylinderI and extending'therefrom and', having apassage therein, a mechanically operated locking member.associatedwithsaid ringA and extending Within said passage in saidhandle and a rotatable cam normal to saidl handle and supported therebyin rigid connection'iwith'said cable therein, a rotation mechanismincluding a ratchet ring rotatably mounted in said cylinder, arifled-stem engaged With said piston,A and pawls operatively connectingsaid ring and .said-stem. for producing a relative rotation between saidcasing 'and said. tool, `a handle l adapted to be. manually held forrestraining said casing against rotation, a locking member mounted insaid cylinder and movable into or out ofr engagement with said ratchetring, a grip rotatably ,mounted `on said handle, means Within the handleand asso,- ciated with said grip and said locking member foractuating'the Alatter out of locking engagement with said ratchet ringwhen said' handle revolves about the axis of Asaid. drill, and furthermeans forf returning saidmember into locking 'engagement withsaidratchetring.

- Y- 110 '4i A rock drill comprising a casing adaptedv to receive atool, a cylinder having a piston recip-v rocable'therein, a rotationmechanism including a ratchet ring rotatably mounted in saidcylnder;

a ried stem engaged with said piston,andipawls 115operatively-:connecting said ring Vand saidstem for producing alrelative rotation between said casing and said tool, a handle adaptedto-be manually heldffor restraining. said casing against rotation, alocking member mounted in said' cyl- 120 inder and movable into or outof engagement withsaidratchet ring, a grip rotatablymounted on'rsaidhandle, means Within the'-`handle :and: associated with said grip andrigidly connected to said'locking'member for Iactuating the latter 125against rotation, apassage within said handle,4

a locking member associated with said ring and extending within saidpassage, means within said passage forl constantly urging saidlockingmember'into locking engagement with said ring, and a rotatablemember constituting a portion of said handle 'in'rigid connection withsaid locking member through said passage adapted to be graspedbythejoperator for actuating said locking member out of lockingengagement with said ring.

6. In a rock drill, acylind-er having a piston reciprocableftherein andcapable of rotation, a

rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston,

1,970,776 said rotation mechanism comprising a rotatable cam and therebyurging said locking member out of engagement with said ratchet ring,Aand resilient means within said passage for urging said locking memberinto engagement with saidU ratchet ring and simultaneously returningsaid rod member toward said cam.

7. In a rock drill, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein andcapable of rotation, a:

rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanismcomprising a rotatable ratchet ring, a rifle stem and pawls operativelyconnecting said ring and stem, a handle supported by said cylinder andextending therefrom, a passage Within said handle, a locking memberextending into said passage rotatable into or out of locking engagementwith said ratchet ring, a cam connected to said locking member, said cambeing rotatable in one direction for rotating said locking member in adirection common to the direction of rotation oi' said ratchet ring,affording thereby the disengagement of said locking member with saidratchet ring, and means for returning said locking member intoengagement with said ratchet ring subsequent to the rotation of said camin its original position.

8. In a rock drill, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein andcapable of rotation, a rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston,

.Y said rotation mechanism comprising a rotatable ratchet ring, a riilestem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, a handleadapted to be manually held for restraining said drill against rotation,a slidable member within said handle, a' locking member associated withsaid ring and said slidable member, a spring actuated member associatedwith said locking member for normally maintaining the latter in lockingengagement with said ring, a rotatable member in constant engagementwithsaid slidable member capable of rotation in one direction foractuating said locking member out of locking engagement with said ring,and rotatable in the other direction for permitting said lockingengagement, and means on said rotatable Vmember engageable with saidslidable member for limiting the rotation ofV the former in onedirection.

ALFRED G. SLATCHER.

